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YouTube video "Designing the Ideal Bootstrapped Business with Jason Cohen"
# Make Sure There's a Market
- get 20 or 30 people to give you a check for something that doesn't exist yet
- because it solves a pain they have
If you can't scrape together 75-150 customers over some months, it's never going to be a business.
LinkedIn direct reachouts, AdWords...
# Pricing/Value
It must be valuable, so $70+/mo. on average.
Use pricing tiers or a high price with coupon codes.
Give bloggers coupon codes.
If you're one person ("boutique"), don't hide it.
Annual prepaid: essential. Take the money and re-invest:
- better design
- development
- advertising
There's a lot about pricing here, but the main point is that perception of savings is powerful: coupon codes, discounts for annual subscriptions. Also, price elasticity is lower than you expect. "Raise the damn prices." Double, then double again until sales go down.
ARPU - average revenue per user
Tiers
- 3-4 tiers
- a crazy big one, 'business tier'
No free trials: money-back guarantee instead.
# Type of Business
B2B ONLY.
Only recurring revenue, so no "sell to brides" or "services for event organizers"
- continuous pain
- continuous value
A tool to handle ever-changing conditions, like SEO.
Not real-time/time-sensitive.

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From the YouTube video "Value Props: Create a Product People Will Actually Buy".
"A problem well-defined is halfway to a [business]."
# Four U's
## Unworkable
- Somebody could get fired for not resolving this problem: real consequences.
- mostly for B2B
### Examples
- iCloud didn't exist/didn't work at first.
- a generation of kids won't know how to use the internet; the entire country will fall behind the rest of the world.
## Unavoidable
- is the problem so fundamental that it can't be avoided?
- e.g. taxes, education, aging
## Urgent
- relative to other needs
- you'll get delayed/de-prioritized if you're not addressing priority #1
- urgency is often created by market shifts, e.g. banking moving online
- e.g. mobile, AI
### Related Questions to Prospects
- What's your number one priority right now?
- When do you think you'll get to priority #2?
## Underserved
-

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- discrete profiles
- ngos
- look at IT vacancies at gavi etc
- startups
- events
- FONGIT.ch
-

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Watching this on June 2.
# Ideas/Traditions
"Make and break the grid." (book: Making and Breaking the Grid)
Swiss design.
# Practices
Don't design in the browser! Give yourself the ability to experiment before you feel locked into a design. It separates the content and code from the design.
# Tools
## Photoshop
Use layers, use marquee tool and fill.
### kb shortcuts
- v: move objects around
- m: marquee (shift + m for non-square)
- G: paint bucket
- shift + G: gradient
- d: default colors
- x: shift between foreground and background
- t: text
- i: eyedropper
- command + t: transform
# CSS
- https://gridbyexample.com
- https://labs.jensimmons.com
- super cool diagonal "Swiss" layout
- surprisingly small amount of code
- https://cssgridgarden.com
## Really Simple Full Layout Using Grid Template
![grid template layout](./css-grid.png)
### styles.css
```css
.item-a {
grid-area: header;
}
.item-b {
grid-area: main;
}
.item-c {
grid-area: sidebar;
}
.item-d {
grid-area: footer;
}
section {
display: grid;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
grid-column-gap: 10px;
grid-row-gap: 15px;
grid-template-areas:
"header header header header header"
"main main main . sidebar"
"footer footer footer footer footer";
;
grid-template-rows: 80px auto 80px;
}
div {
background: grey;
}
```
### index.html > body
```html
<section>
<div class="item item-a"></div>
<div class="item item-b"></div>
<div class="item item-c"></div>
<div class="item item-d"></div>
</section>
```
## Nice Layout With Different Sized Boxes Using Grid Area
### css
```css
.item-a {
background: teal;
/* grid-column-start: 2; */
/* grid-column-end: span 3; */
/* grid-row-start: 3; */
/* grid-row-end: span 2; */
grid-area: 2 / 3 / span 3 / span 2;
}
section {
display: grid;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
grid-column-gap: 10px;
grid-row-gap: 10px;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
grid-template-rows: repeat(4, 1fr);
}
div {
background: grey;
}
```

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Released March 28, 2020
https://vimeo.com/ondemand/motherload?autoplay=1
- towing a bike trailer up their hill was too much, so she stopped. (5:15)
- she lives in Fairfax, CA, birthplace of the mountain bike (Joe Breeze).
## Longtail
- Ian Grayson (13:33) made longtails in Australia starting 1988
- was inspired by what he saw in India
- doesn't own a car or a cell phone, got a TV only recently
- Bruce Neely electrified one in 1990 (Ausralia)
### Xtracycle (17:05)
- 1998
- sold 100 in the first year, hoped to get 10,000 (20:30)
- no market yet
- saddled with debt after 20 years
- redesigned everything
- Ben Sarrazin (Yuba) (17:05) wanted to carry his kayak on a bike
- 75% of their market is female
- left Xtracycle to start Yuba
- top-selling cargo bike brand in France, US, Canada, Australia
# Erik Brohaugh
- ebrohaugh@gmail.com
- rural Gambia
- fights erosion, plants trees, improve agriculture
- built a cargo bike to get around, it caught on
- dreams of opening a factory so he can empower locals with bikes "made in Africa"
# Holland (58:00)
- kids to go to school by themselves by bike
- "Ika Trading" (sp?), a Dutch lady
- Amsterdam built up its infrastructure in the 1970s in reaction to bicycle deaths
# Pros
- save money
- lose weight
- feel free
- be outside
- less isolated
- people
- sounds
- wind
- fun
# Barriers
- aren't you cold?
- isn't it hard?
- in the snow?
- can you carry a heavy load (groceries etc)?
- are you as mobile?
- is it safe?
- yes, stats say as safe as walking or driving
- even safer when taking into considering health benefits
- "line cutters"
- "weird"
- "extreme"
- road rage
- mom shaming (55:00)
- drivers are more willing to be aggressive with women
- 1% of Americans ride bikes
- 54% of Americans think it's unsafe
- 25% of bike commuters are women
- the more money you have, the more likely you are to drive
# Applications
- haul car tires four at a time
- do agriculture in West Africa
- disaster relief
# Companies/Entities/Events
- Metrofiets
- 2020 Cycles
- Xtracycle
- Clever Cycles (imported Bakfiets)
- normalized cargo bikes
- optimized cargo bikes for families
- Bicycle Works
- Cycling Without Age
- Ika Trading (sp?) (Dutch)
- Flying Pigeon LA
- CicLAvia
- open streets event in LA, started 2010
- The New Wheel
- 12-month no interest financing
- trade-ins (cars, bikes)
- Disaster Relief Trials: cargo bike race in Portland
- Rock The Bike
- makes power from bikes!
- LA Cycle Tours
- Kidical Mass
# Electric Bikes
- make cargo bikes more accessible
- $2k cost is added from electric motor
- very efficient
# Demographics
- (in LA) foreign-born people are three times more likely to ride a bike (1:09:09)
- people of color are moving towards cycling at four times the rate of whites
- under $20k household income: 7% biking
- over $100k: 4%
# Criticisms
- smug, vain, self-righteous
- connection to early feminist cycling seems dubious
# Highlights
- The Finches, six kids and a mom on one cargo bike (48:12) (Portland)
- did a media tour after an article about them
- they did a coast to coast tour with seven kids!!
- disaster relief race (1:14:00-1:15:50)
# Takeaways
- steps to get widespread adoption
- make it safe
- make it easy
- make it normal
- turn signals?
- brake lights?
- regulation
- good conduct by cyclists
-> persuasion of normies, infrastructure
- "enormous revolution that's just beginning"