replace rr.HeaderMap by rr.Header() (#443)

From the docs: Changing the header map after a call to WriteHeader (or
Write) has no effect unless the modified headers are
trailers.

.github/release-drafter.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Config for https://github.com/apps/release-drafter
+template: |
+  
+  <summary of changes here>
+  
+  ## CHANGELOG
+
+  $CHANGES

.github/stale.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+daysUntilStale: 60
+daysUntilClose: 7
+# Issues with these labels will never be considered stale
+exemptLabels:
+  - v2
+  - needs-review
+  - work-required
+staleLabel: stale
+markComment: >
+  This issue has been automatically marked as stale because it hasn't seen
+  a recent update. It'll be automatically closed in a few days.
+closeComment: false

.travis.yml

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ sudo: false
 
 matrix:
   include:
-    - go: 1.5
-    - go: 1.6
-    - go: 1.7
-    - go: 1.8
-    - go: 1.9
+    - go: 1.7.x
+    - go: 1.8.x
+    - go: 1.9.x
+    - go: 1.10.x
+    - go: 1.11.x
+    - go: 1.x
+      env: LATEST=true
     - go: tip
   allow_failures:
     - go: tip
@@ -18,5 +20,5 @@ install:
 script:
   - go get -t -v ./...
   - diff -u <(echo -n) <(gofmt -d .)
-  - go tool vet .
+  - if [[ "$LATEST" = true ]]; then go tool vet .; fi
   - go test -v -race ./...

AUTHORS

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# This is the official list of gorilla/mux authors for copyright purposes.
+#
+# Please keep the list sorted.
+
+Google LLC (https://opensource.google.com/)
+Kamil Kisielk <kamil@kamilkisiel.net>
+Matt Silverlock <matt@eatsleeprepeat.net>
+Rodrigo Moraes (https://github.com/moraes)

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2012 Rodrigo Moraes. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2012-2018 The Gorilla Authors. All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are

README.md

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-gorilla/mux
-===
+# gorilla/mux
+
 [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/gorilla/mux?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/gorilla/mux)
 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/gorilla/mux.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/gorilla/mux)
 [![Sourcegraph](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/gorilla/mux/-/badge.svg)](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/gorilla/mux?badge)
 
 ![Gorilla Logo](http://www.gorillatoolkit.org/static/images/gorilla-icon-64.png)
 
-http://www.gorillatoolkit.org/pkg/mux
+https://www.gorillatoolkit.org/pkg/mux
 
 Package `gorilla/mux` implements a request router and dispatcher for matching incoming requests to
 their respective handler.
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ The name mux stands for "HTTP request multiplexer". Like the standard `http.Serv
 * [Walking Routes](#walking-routes)
 * [Graceful Shutdown](#graceful-shutdown)
 * [Middleware](#middleware)
+* [Testing Handlers](#testing-handlers)
 * [Full Example](#full-example)
 
 ---
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ r := mux.NewRouter()
 // Only matches if domain is "www.example.com".
 r.Host("www.example.com")
 // Matches a dynamic subdomain.
-r.Host("{subdomain:[a-z]+}.domain.com")
+r.Host("{subdomain:[a-z]+}.example.com")
 ```
 
 There are several other matchers that can be added. To match path prefixes:
@@ -178,70 +179,13 @@ s.HandleFunc("/{key}/", ProductHandler)
 // "/products/{key}/details"
 s.HandleFunc("/{key}/details", ProductDetailsHandler)
 ```
-### Listing Routes
 
-Routes on a mux can be listed using the Router.Walk method—useful for generating documentation:
-
-```go
-package main
-
-import (
-    "fmt"
-    "net/http"
-    "strings"
-
-    "github.com/gorilla/mux"
-)
-
-func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-    return
-}
-
-func main() {
-    r := mux.NewRouter()
-    r.HandleFunc("/", handler)
-    r.HandleFunc("/products", handler).Methods("POST")
-    r.HandleFunc("/articles", handler).Methods("GET")
-    r.HandleFunc("/articles/{id}", handler).Methods("GET", "PUT")
-    r.HandleFunc("/authors", handler).Queries("surname", "{surname}")
-    r.Walk(func(route *mux.Route, router *mux.Router, ancestors []*mux.Route) error {
-        t, err := route.GetPathTemplate()
-        if err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
-        qt, err := route.GetQueriesTemplates()
-        if err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
-        // p will contain regular expression is compatible with regular expression in Perl, Python, and other languages.
-        // for instance the regular expression for path '/articles/{id}' will be '^/articles/(?P<v0>[^/]+)$'
-        p, err := route.GetPathRegexp()
-        if err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
-        // qr will contain a list of regular expressions with the same semantics as GetPathRegexp,
-        // just applied to the Queries pairs instead, e.g., 'Queries("surname", "{surname}") will return
-        // {"^surname=(?P<v0>.*)$}. Where each combined query pair will have an entry in the list.
-        qr, err := route.GetQueriesRegexp()
-        if err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
-        m, err := route.GetMethods()
-        if err != nil {
-            return err
-        }
-        fmt.Println(strings.Join(m, ","), strings.Join(qt, ","), strings.Join(qr, ","), t, p)
-        return nil
-    })
-    http.Handle("/", r)
-}
-```
 
 ### Static Files
 
 Note that the path provided to `PathPrefix()` represents a "wildcard": calling
 `PathPrefix("/static/").Handler(...)` means that the handler will be passed any
-request that matches "/static/*". This makes it easy to serve static files with mux:
+request that matches "/static/\*". This makes it easy to serve static files with mux:
 
 ```go
 func main() {
@@ -294,13 +238,13 @@ This also works for host and query value variables:
 
 ```go
 r := mux.NewRouter()
-r.Host("{subdomain}.domain.com").
+r.Host("{subdomain}.example.com").
   Path("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}").
   Queries("filter", "{filter}").
   HandlerFunc(ArticleHandler).
   Name("article")
 
-// url.String() will be "http://news.domain.com/articles/technology/42?filter=gorilla"
+// url.String() will be "http://news.example.com/articles/technology/42?filter=gorilla"
 url, err := r.Get("article").URL("subdomain", "news",
                                  "category", "technology",
                                  "id", "42",
@@ -320,7 +264,7 @@ r.HeadersRegexp("Content-Type", "application/(text|json)")
 There's also a way to build only the URL host or path for a route: use the methods `URLHost()` or `URLPath()` instead. For the previous route, we would do:
 
 ```go
-// "http://news.domain.com/"
+// "http://news.example.com/"
 host, err := r.Get("article").URLHost("subdomain", "news")
 
 // "/articles/technology/42"
@@ -331,12 +275,12 @@ And if you use subrouters, host and path defined separately can be built as well
 
 ```go
 r := mux.NewRouter()
-s := r.Host("{subdomain}.domain.com").Subrouter()
+s := r.Host("{subdomain}.example.com").Subrouter()
 s.Path("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}").
   HandlerFunc(ArticleHandler).
   Name("article")
 
-// "http://news.domain.com/articles/technology/42"
+// "http://news.example.com/articles/technology/42"
 url, err := r.Get("article").URL("subdomain", "news",
                                  "category", "technology",
                                  "id", "42")
@@ -348,41 +292,58 @@ The `Walk` function on `mux.Router` can be used to visit all of the routes that
 the following prints all of the registered routes:
 
 ```go
-r := mux.NewRouter()
-r.HandleFunc("/", handler)
-r.HandleFunc("/products", handler).Methods("POST")
-r.HandleFunc("/articles", handler).Methods("GET")
-r.HandleFunc("/articles/{id}", handler).Methods("GET", "PUT")
-r.HandleFunc("/authors", handler).Queries("surname", "{surname}")
-r.Walk(func(route *mux.Route, router *mux.Router, ancestors []*mux.Route) error {
-    t, err := route.GetPathTemplate()
-    if err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    qt, err := route.GetQueriesTemplates()
-    if err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    // p will contain a regular expression that is compatible with regular expressions in Perl, Python, and other languages.
-    // For example, the regular expression for path '/articles/{id}' will be '^/articles/(?P<v0>[^/]+)$'.
-    p, err := route.GetPathRegexp()
-    if err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    // qr will contain a list of regular expressions with the same semantics as GetPathRegexp,
-    // just applied to the Queries pairs instead, e.g., 'Queries("surname", "{surname}") will return
-    // {"^surname=(?P<v0>.*)$}. Where each combined query pair will have an entry in the list.
-    qr, err := route.GetQueriesRegexp()
-    if err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    m, err := route.GetMethods()
-    if err != nil {
-        return err
-    }
-    fmt.Println(strings.Join(m, ","), strings.Join(qt, ","), strings.Join(qr, ","), t, p)
-    return nil
-})
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
+)
+
+func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	return
+}
+
+func main() {
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	r.HandleFunc("/", handler)
+	r.HandleFunc("/products", handler).Methods("POST")
+	r.HandleFunc("/articles", handler).Methods("GET")
+	r.HandleFunc("/articles/{id}", handler).Methods("GET", "PUT")
+	r.HandleFunc("/authors", handler).Queries("surname", "{surname}")
+	err := r.Walk(func(route *mux.Route, router *mux.Router, ancestors []*mux.Route) error {
+		pathTemplate, err := route.GetPathTemplate()
+		if err == nil {
+			fmt.Println("ROUTE:", pathTemplate)
+		}
+		pathRegexp, err := route.GetPathRegexp()
+		if err == nil {
+			fmt.Println("Path regexp:", pathRegexp)
+		}
+		queriesTemplates, err := route.GetQueriesTemplates()
+		if err == nil {
+			fmt.Println("Queries templates:", strings.Join(queriesTemplates, ","))
+		}
+		queriesRegexps, err := route.GetQueriesRegexp()
+		if err == nil {
+			fmt.Println("Queries regexps:", strings.Join(queriesRegexps, ","))
+		}
+		methods, err := route.GetMethods()
+		if err == nil {
+			fmt.Println("Methods:", strings.Join(methods, ","))
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	http.Handle("/", r)
+}
 ```
 
 ### Graceful Shutdown
@@ -399,6 +360,7 @@ import (
     "net/http"
     "os"
     "os/signal"
+    "time"
 
     "github.com/gorilla/mux"
 )
@@ -410,7 +372,7 @@ func main() {
 
     r := mux.NewRouter()
     // Add your routes as needed
-    
+
     srv := &http.Server{
         Addr:         "0.0.0.0:8080",
         // Good practice to set timeouts to avoid Slowloris attacks.
@@ -426,7 +388,7 @@ func main() {
             log.Println(err)
         }
     }()
-    
+
     c := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
     // We'll accept graceful shutdowns when quit via SIGINT (Ctrl+C)
     // SIGKILL, SIGQUIT or SIGTERM (Ctrl+/) will not be caught.
@@ -436,7 +398,8 @@ func main() {
     <-c
 
     // Create a deadline to wait for.
-    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, wait)
+    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), wait)
+    defer cancel()
     // Doesn't block if no connections, but will otherwise wait
     // until the timeout deadline.
     srv.Shutdown(ctx)
@@ -464,7 +427,7 @@ Typically, the returned handler is a closure which does something with the http.
 A very basic middleware which logs the URI of the request being handled could be written as:
 
 ```go
-func simpleMw(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+func loggingMiddleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
     return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
         // Do stuff here
         log.Println(r.RequestURI)
@@ -474,12 +437,12 @@ func simpleMw(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 }
 ```
 
-Middlewares can be added to a router using `Router.AddMiddlewareFunc()`:
+Middlewares can be added to a router using `Router.Use()`:
 
 ```go
 r := mux.NewRouter()
 r.HandleFunc("/", handler)
-r.AddMiddleware(simpleMw)
+r.Use(loggingMiddleware)
 ```
 
 A more complex authentication middleware, which maps session token to users, could be written as:
@@ -502,7 +465,7 @@ func (amw *authenticationMiddleware) Populate() {
 func (amw *authenticationMiddleware) Middleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
     return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
         token := r.Header.Get("X-Session-Token")
-        
+
         if user, found := amw.tokenUsers[token]; found {
         	// We found the token in our map
         	log.Printf("Authenticated user %s\n", user)
@@ -510,7 +473,7 @@ func (amw *authenticationMiddleware) Middleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler
         	next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
         } else {
         	// Write an error and stop the handler chain
-        	http.Error(w, "Forbidden", 403)
+        	http.Error(w, "Forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
         }
     })
 }
@@ -523,10 +486,136 @@ r.HandleFunc("/", handler)
 amw := authenticationMiddleware{}
 amw.Populate()
 
-r.AddMiddlewareFunc(amw.Middleware)
+r.Use(amw.Middleware)
 ```
 
-Note: The handler chain will be stopped if your middleware doesn't call `next.ServeHTTP()` with the corresponding parameters. This can be used to abort a request if the middleware writer wants to. Middlewares *should* write to `ResponseWriter` if they *are* going to terminate the request, and they *should not* write to `ResponseWriter` if they *are not* going to terminate it.
+Note: The handler chain will be stopped if your middleware doesn't call `next.ServeHTTP()` with the corresponding parameters. This can be used to abort a request if the middleware writer wants to. Middlewares _should_ write to `ResponseWriter` if they _are_ going to terminate the request, and they _should not_ write to `ResponseWriter` if they _are not_ going to terminate it.
+
+### Testing Handlers
+
+Testing handlers in a Go web application is straightforward, and _mux_ doesn't complicate this any further. Given two files: `endpoints.go` and `endpoints_test.go`, here's how we'd test an application using _mux_.
+
+First, our simple HTTP handler:
+
+```go
+// endpoints.go
+package main
+
+func HealthCheckHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+    // A very simple health check.
+    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+
+    // In the future we could report back on the status of our DB, or our cache
+    // (e.g. Redis) by performing a simple PING, and include them in the response.
+    io.WriteString(w, `{"alive": true}`)
+}
+
+func main() {
+    r := mux.NewRouter()
+    r.HandleFunc("/health", HealthCheckHandler)
+
+    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:8080", r))
+}
+```
+
+Our test code:
+
+```go
+// endpoints_test.go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "net/http"
+    "net/http/httptest"
+    "testing"
+)
+
+func TestHealthCheckHandler(t *testing.T) {
+    // Create a request to pass to our handler. We don't have any query parameters for now, so we'll
+    // pass 'nil' as the third parameter.
+    req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/health", nil)
+    if err != nil {
+        t.Fatal(err)
+    }
+
+    // We create a ResponseRecorder (which satisfies http.ResponseWriter) to record the response.
+    rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
+    handler := http.HandlerFunc(HealthCheckHandler)
+
+    // Our handlers satisfy http.Handler, so we can call their ServeHTTP method
+    // directly and pass in our Request and ResponseRecorder.
+    handler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
+
+    // Check the status code is what we expect.
+    if status := rr.Code; status != http.StatusOK {
+        t.Errorf("handler returned wrong status code: got %v want %v",
+            status, http.StatusOK)
+    }
+
+    // Check the response body is what we expect.
+    expected := `{"alive": true}`
+    if rr.Body.String() != expected {
+        t.Errorf("handler returned unexpected body: got %v want %v",
+            rr.Body.String(), expected)
+    }
+}
+```
+
+In the case that our routes have [variables](#examples), we can pass those in the request. We could write
+[table-driven tests](https://dave.cheney.net/2013/06/09/writing-table-driven-tests-in-go) to test multiple
+possible route variables as needed.
+
+```go
+// endpoints.go
+func main() {
+    r := mux.NewRouter()
+    // A route with a route variable:
+    r.HandleFunc("/metrics/{type}", MetricsHandler)
+
+    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:8080", r))
+}
+```
+
+Our test file, with a table-driven test of `routeVariables`:
+
+```go
+// endpoints_test.go
+func TestMetricsHandler(t *testing.T) {
+    tt := []struct{
+        routeVariable string
+        shouldPass bool
+    }{
+        {"goroutines", true},
+        {"heap", true},
+        {"counters", true},
+        {"queries", true},
+        {"adhadaeqm3k", false},
+    }
+
+    for _, tc := range tt {
+        path := fmt.Sprintf("/metrics/%s", tc.routeVariable)
+        req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", path, nil)
+        if err != nil {
+            t.Fatal(err)
+        }
+
+        rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	
+	// Need to create a router that we can pass the request through so that the vars will be added to the context
+	router := mux.NewRouter()
+        router.HandleFunc("/metrics/{type}", MetricsHandler)
+        router.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
+
+        // In this case, our MetricsHandler returns a non-200 response
+        // for a route variable it doesn't know about.
+        if rr.Code == http.StatusOK && !tc.shouldPass {
+            t.Errorf("handler should have failed on routeVariable %s: got %v want %v",
+                tc.routeVariable, rr.Code, http.StatusOK)
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
 
 ## Full Example
 

context.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// +build go1.7
-
 package mux
 
 import (
@@ -18,7 +16,3 @@ func contextSet(r *http.Request, key, val interface{}) *http.Request {
 
 	return r.WithContext(context.WithValue(r.Context(), key, val))
 }
-
-func contextClear(r *http.Request) {
-	return
-}

context_gorilla.go

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-// +build !go1.7
-
-package mux
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/gorilla/context"
-)
-
-func contextGet(r *http.Request, key interface{}) interface{} {
-	return context.Get(r, key)
-}
-
-func contextSet(r *http.Request, key, val interface{}) *http.Request {
-	if val == nil {
-		return r
-	}
-
-	context.Set(r, key, val)
-	return r
-}
-
-func contextClear(r *http.Request) {
-	context.Clear(r)
-}

context_gorilla_test.go

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-// +build !go1.7
-
-package mux
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/gorilla/context"
-)
-
-// Tests that the context is cleared or not cleared properly depending on
-// the configuration of the router
-func TestKeepContext(t *testing.T) {
-	func1 := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {}
-
-	r := NewRouter()
-	r.HandleFunc("/", func1).Name("func1")
-
-	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://localhost/", nil)
-	context.Set(req, "t", 1)
-
-	res := new(http.ResponseWriter)
-	r.ServeHTTP(*res, req)
-
-	if _, ok := context.GetOk(req, "t"); ok {
-		t.Error("Context should have been cleared at end of request")
-	}
-
-	r.KeepContext = true
-
-	req, _ = http.NewRequest("GET", "http://localhost/", nil)
-	context.Set(req, "t", 1)
-
-	r.ServeHTTP(*res, req)
-	if _, ok := context.GetOk(req, "t"); !ok {
-		t.Error("Context should NOT have been cleared at end of request")
-	}
-
-}

context_test.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-// +build go1.7
-
 package mux
 
 import (

doc.go

@@ -239,8 +239,7 @@ as well:
 	                                 "category", "technology",
 	                                 "id", "42")
 
-Since **vX.Y.Z**, mux supports the addition of middlewares to a [Router](https://godoc.org/github.com/gorilla/mux#Router), which are executed if a
-match is found (including subrouters). Middlewares are defined using the de facto standard type:
+Mux supports the addition of middlewares to a Router, which are executed in the order they are added if a match is found, including its subrouters. Middlewares are (typically) small pieces of code which take one request, do something with it, and pass it down to another middleware or the final handler. Some common use cases for middleware are request logging, header manipulation, or ResponseWriter hijacking.
 
 	type MiddlewareFunc func(http.Handler) http.Handler
 
@@ -261,7 +260,7 @@ Middlewares can be added to a router using `Router.Use()`:
 
 	r := mux.NewRouter()
 	r.HandleFunc("/", handler)
-	r.AddMiddleware(simpleMw)
+	r.Use(simpleMw)
 
 A more complex authentication middleware, which maps session token to users, could be written as:
 
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ A more complex authentication middleware, which maps session token to users, cou
 				log.Printf("Authenticated user %s\n", user)
 				next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 			} else {
-				http.Error(w, "Forbidden", 403)
+				http.Error(w, "Forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
 			}
 		})
 	}

example_authentication_middleware_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package mux_test
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
+)
+
+// Define our struct
+type authenticationMiddleware struct {
+	tokenUsers map[string]string
+}
+
+// Initialize it somewhere
+func (amw *authenticationMiddleware) Populate() {
+	amw.tokenUsers["00000000"] = "user0"
+	amw.tokenUsers["aaaaaaaa"] = "userA"
+	amw.tokenUsers["05f717e5"] = "randomUser"
+	amw.tokenUsers["deadbeef"] = "user0"
+}
+
+// Middleware function, which will be called for each request
+func (amw *authenticationMiddleware) Middleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		token := r.Header.Get("X-Session-Token")
+
+		if user, found := amw.tokenUsers[token]; found {
+			// We found the token in our map
+			log.Printf("Authenticated user %s\n", user)
+			next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		} else {
+			http.Error(w, "Forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func Example_authenticationMiddleware() {
+	r := mux.NewRouter()
+	r.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		// Do something here
+	})
+	amw := authenticationMiddleware{make(map[string]string)}
+	amw.Populate()
+	r.Use(amw.Middleware)
+}

go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module github.com/gorilla/mux

middleware.go

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package mux
 
-import "net/http"
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+)
 
 // MiddlewareFunc is a function which receives an http.Handler and returns another http.Handler.
 // Typically, the returned handler is a closure which does something with the http.ResponseWriter and http.Request passed
@@ -12,17 +15,58 @@ type middleware interface {
 	Middleware(handler http.Handler) http.Handler
 }
 
-// MiddlewareFunc also implements the middleware interface.
+// Middleware allows MiddlewareFunc to implement the middleware interface.
 func (mw MiddlewareFunc) Middleware(handler http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	return mw(handler)
 }
 
 // Use appends a MiddlewareFunc to the chain. Middleware can be used to intercept or otherwise modify requests and/or responses, and are executed in the order that they are applied to the Router.
-func (r *Router) Use(mwf MiddlewareFunc) {
-	r.middlewares = append(r.middlewares, mwf)
+func (r *Router) Use(mwf ...MiddlewareFunc) {
+	for _, fn := range mwf {
+		r.middlewares = append(r.middlewares, fn)
+	}
 }
 
 // useInterface appends a middleware to the chain. Middleware can be used to intercept or otherwise modify requests and/or responses, and are executed in the order that they are applied to the Router.
 func (r *Router) useInterface(mw middleware) {
 	r.middlewares = append(r.middlewares, mw)
 }
+
+// CORSMethodMiddleware sets the Access-Control-Allow-Methods response header
+// on a request, by matching routes based only on paths. It also handles
+// OPTIONS requests, by settings Access-Control-Allow-Methods, and then
+// returning without calling the next http handler.
+func CORSMethodMiddleware(r *Router) MiddlewareFunc {
+	return func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+			var allMethods []string
+
+			err := r.Walk(func(route *Route, _ *Router, _ []*Route) error {
+				for _, m := range route.matchers {
+					if _, ok := m.(*routeRegexp); ok {
+						if m.Match(req, &RouteMatch{}) {
+							methods, err := route.GetMethods()
+							if err != nil {
+								return err
+							}
+
+							allMethods = append(allMethods, methods...)
+						}
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				return nil
+			})
+
+			if err == nil {
+				w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", strings.Join(append(allMethods, "OPTIONS"), ","))
+
+				if req.Method == "OPTIONS" {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+
+			next.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		})
+	}
+}

middleware_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package mux
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
 	"testing"
 )
 
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareExecution(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test handler-only call
 	router.ServeHTTP(rw, req)
 
-	if bytes.Compare(rw.Body.Bytes(), handlerStr) != 0 {
+	if !bytes.Equal(rw.Body.Bytes(), handlerStr) {
 		t.Fatal("Handler response is not what it should be")
 	}
 
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareExecution(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	router.ServeHTTP(rw, req)
-	if bytes.Compare(rw.Body.Bytes(), append(mwStr, handlerStr...)) != 0 {
+	if !bytes.Equal(rw.Body.Bytes(), append(mwStr, handlerStr...)) {
 		t.Fatal("Middleware + handler response is not what it should be")
 	}
 }
@@ -334,3 +335,103 @@ func TestMiddlewareMethodMismatchSubrouter(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("Middleware was called for a method mismatch")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCORSMethodMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
+	router := NewRouter()
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		path                   string
+		response               string
+		method                 string
+		testURL                string
+		expectedAllowedMethods string
+	}{
+		{"/g/{o}", "a", "POST", "/g/asdf", "POST,PUT,GET,OPTIONS"},
+		{"/g/{o}", "b", "PUT", "/g/bla", "POST,PUT,GET,OPTIONS"},
+		{"/g/{o}", "c", "GET", "/g/orilla", "POST,PUT,GET,OPTIONS"},
+		{"/g", "d", "POST", "/g", "POST,OPTIONS"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		router.HandleFunc(tt.path, stringHandler(tt.response)).Methods(tt.method)
+	}
+
+	router.Use(CORSMethodMiddleware(router))
+
+	for _, tt := range cases {
+		rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		req := newRequest(tt.method, tt.testURL)
+
+		router.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
+
+		if rr.Body.String() != tt.response {
+			t.Errorf("Expected body '%s', found '%s'", tt.response, rr.Body.String())
+		}
+
+		allowedMethods := rr.Header().Get("Access-Control-Allow-Methods")
+
+		if allowedMethods != tt.expectedAllowedMethods {
+			t.Errorf("Expected Access-Control-Allow-Methods '%s', found '%s'", tt.expectedAllowedMethods, allowedMethods)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMiddlewareOnMultiSubrouter(t *testing.T) {
+	first := "first"
+	second := "second"
+	notFound := "404 not found"
+
+	router := NewRouter()
+	firstSubRouter := router.PathPrefix("/").Subrouter()
+	secondSubRouter := router.PathPrefix("/").Subrouter()
+
+	router.NotFoundHandler = http.HandlerFunc(func(rw http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		rw.Write([]byte(notFound))
+	})
+
+	firstSubRouter.HandleFunc("/first", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	})
+
+	secondSubRouter.HandleFunc("/second", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+	})
+
+	firstSubRouter.Use(func(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
+		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			w.Write([]byte(first))
+			h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		})
+	})
+
+	secondSubRouter.Use(func(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
+		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			w.Write([]byte(second))
+			h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		})
+	})
+
+	rw := NewRecorder()
+	req := newRequest("GET", "/first")
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(rw, req)
+	if rw.Body.String() != first {
+		t.Fatalf("Middleware did not run: expected %s middleware to write a response (got %s)", first, rw.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	rw = NewRecorder()
+	req = newRequest("GET", "/second")
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(rw, req)
+	if rw.Body.String() != second {
+		t.Fatalf("Middleware did not run: expected %s middleware to write a response (got %s)", second, rw.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	rw = NewRecorder()
+	req = newRequest("GET", "/second/not-exist")
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(rw, req)
+	if rw.Body.String() != notFound {
+		t.Fatalf("Notfound handler did not run: expected %s for not-exist, (got %s)", notFound, rw.Body.String())
+	}
+}

mux.go

@@ -13,13 +13,16 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
+	// ErrMethodMismatch is returned when the method in the request does not match
+	// the method defined against the route.
 	ErrMethodMismatch = errors.New("method is not allowed")
-	ErrNotFound       = errors.New("no matching route was found")
+	// ErrNotFound is returned when no route match is found.
+	ErrNotFound = errors.New("no matching route was found")
 )
 
 // NewRouter returns a new router instance.
 func NewRouter() *Router {
-	return &Router{namedRoutes: make(map[string]*Route), KeepContext: false}
+	return &Router{namedRoutes: make(map[string]*Route)}
 }
 
 // Router registers routes to be matched and dispatches a handler.
@@ -47,24 +50,78 @@ type Router struct {
 	// Configurable Handler to be used when the request method does not match the route.
 	MethodNotAllowedHandler http.Handler
 
-	// Parent route, if this is a subrouter.
-	parent parentRoute
 	// Routes to be matched, in order.
 	routes []*Route
+
 	// Routes by name for URL building.
 	namedRoutes map[string]*Route
-	// See Router.StrictSlash(). This defines the flag for new routes.
-	strictSlash bool
-	// See Router.SkipClean(). This defines the flag for new routes.
-	skipClean bool
+
 	// If true, do not clear the request context after handling the request.
-	// This has no effect when go1.7+ is used, since the context is stored
+	//
+	// Deprecated: No effect when go1.7+ is used, since the context is stored
 	// on the request itself.
 	KeepContext bool
-	// see Router.UseEncodedPath(). This defines a flag for all routes.
-	useEncodedPath bool
+
 	// Slice of middlewares to be called after a match is found
 	middlewares []middleware
+
+	// configuration shared with `Route`
+	routeConf
+}
+
+// common route configuration shared between `Router` and `Route`
+type routeConf struct {
+	// If true, "/path/foo%2Fbar/to" will match the path "/path/{var}/to"
+	useEncodedPath bool
+
+	// If true, when the path pattern is "/path/", accessing "/path" will
+	// redirect to the former and vice versa.
+	strictSlash bool
+
+	// If true, when the path pattern is "/path//to", accessing "/path//to"
+	// will not redirect
+	skipClean bool
+
+	// Manager for the variables from host and path.
+	regexp routeRegexpGroup
+
+	// List of matchers.
+	matchers []matcher
+
+	// The scheme used when building URLs.
+	buildScheme string
+
+	buildVarsFunc BuildVarsFunc
+}
+
+// returns an effective deep copy of `routeConf`
+func copyRouteConf(r routeConf) routeConf {
+	c := r
+
+	if r.regexp.path != nil {
+		c.regexp.path = copyRouteRegexp(r.regexp.path)
+	}
+
+	if r.regexp.host != nil {
+		c.regexp.host = copyRouteRegexp(r.regexp.host)
+	}
+
+	c.regexp.queries = make([]*routeRegexp, 0, len(r.regexp.queries))
+	for _, q := range r.regexp.queries {
+		c.regexp.queries = append(c.regexp.queries, copyRouteRegexp(q))
+	}
+
+	c.matchers = make([]matcher, 0, len(r.matchers))
+	for _, m := range r.matchers {
+		c.matchers = append(c.matchers, m)
+	}
+
+	return c
+}
+
+func copyRouteRegexp(r *routeRegexp) *routeRegexp {
+	c := *r
+	return &c
 }
 
 // Match attempts to match the given request against the router's registered routes.
@@ -95,9 +152,9 @@ func (r *Router) Match(req *http.Request, match *RouteMatch) bool {
 		if r.MethodNotAllowedHandler != nil {
 			match.Handler = r.MethodNotAllowedHandler
 			return true
-		} else {
-			return false
 		}
+
+		return false
 	}
 
 	// Closest match for a router (includes sub-routers)
@@ -152,22 +209,18 @@ func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 		handler = http.NotFoundHandler()
 	}
 
-	if !r.KeepContext {
-		defer contextClear(req)
-	}
-
 	handler.ServeHTTP(w, req)
 }
 
 // Get returns a route registered with the given name.
 func (r *Router) Get(name string) *Route {
-	return r.getNamedRoutes()[name]
+	return r.namedRoutes[name]
 }
 
 // GetRoute returns a route registered with the given name. This method
 // was renamed to Get() and remains here for backwards compatibility.
 func (r *Router) GetRoute(name string) *Route {
-	return r.getNamedRoutes()[name]
+	return r.namedRoutes[name]
 }
 
 // StrictSlash defines the trailing slash behavior for new routes. The initial
@@ -218,51 +271,14 @@ func (r *Router) UseEncodedPath() *Router {
 	return r
 }
 
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// parentRoute
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-func (r *Router) getBuildScheme() string {
-	if r.parent != nil {
-		return r.parent.getBuildScheme()
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-// getNamedRoutes returns the map where named routes are registered.
-func (r *Router) getNamedRoutes() map[string]*Route {
-	if r.namedRoutes == nil {
-		if r.parent != nil {
-			r.namedRoutes = r.parent.getNamedRoutes()
-		} else {
-			r.namedRoutes = make(map[string]*Route)
-		}
-	}
-	return r.namedRoutes
-}
-
-// getRegexpGroup returns regexp definitions from the parent route, if any.
-func (r *Router) getRegexpGroup() *routeRegexpGroup {
-	if r.parent != nil {
-		return r.parent.getRegexpGroup()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *Router) buildVars(m map[string]string) map[string]string {
-	if r.parent != nil {
-		m = r.parent.buildVars(m)
-	}
-	return m
-}
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Route factories
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // NewRoute registers an empty route.
 func (r *Router) NewRoute() *Route {
-	route := &Route{parent: r, strictSlash: r.strictSlash, skipClean: r.skipClean, useEncodedPath: r.useEncodedPath}
+	// initialize a route with a copy of the parent router's configuration
+	route := &Route{routeConf: copyRouteConf(r.routeConf), namedRoutes: r.namedRoutes}
 	r.routes = append(r.routes, route)
 	return route
 }

mux_test.go

@@ -48,15 +48,6 @@ type routeTest struct {
 }
 
 func TestHost(t *testing.T) {
-	// newRequestHost a new request with a method, url, and host header
-	newRequestHost := func(method, url, host string) *http.Request {
-		req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-		req.Host = host
-		return req
-	}
 
 	tests := []routeTest{
 		{
@@ -113,7 +104,15 @@ func TestHost(t *testing.T) {
 			path:        "",
 			shouldMatch: false,
 		},
-		// BUG {new(Route).Host("aaa.bbb.ccc:1234"), newRequestHost("GET", "/111/222/333", "aaa.bbb.ccc:1234"), map[string]string{}, "aaa.bbb.ccc:1234", "", true},
+		{
+			title:       "Host route with port, match with request header",
+			route:       new(Route).Host("aaa.bbb.ccc:1234"),
+			request:     newRequestHost("GET", "/111/222/333", "aaa.bbb.ccc:1234"),
+			vars:        map[string]string{},
+			host:        "aaa.bbb.ccc:1234",
+			path:        "",
+			shouldMatch: true,
+		},
 		{
 			title:       "Host route with port, wrong host in request header",
 			route:       new(Route).Host("aaa.bbb.ccc:1234"),
@@ -123,6 +122,16 @@ func TestHost(t *testing.T) {
 			path:        "",
 			shouldMatch: false,
 		},
+		{
+			title:        "Host route with pattern, match with request header",
+			route:        new(Route).Host("aaa.{v1:[a-z]{3}}.ccc:1{v2:(?:23|4)}"),
+			request:      newRequestHost("GET", "/111/222/333", "aaa.bbb.ccc:123"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{"v1": "bbb", "v2": "23"},
+			host:         "aaa.bbb.ccc:123",
+			path:         "",
+			hostTemplate: `aaa.{v1:[a-z]{3}}.ccc:1{v2:(?:23|4)}`,
+			shouldMatch:  true,
+		},
 		{
 			title:        "Host route with pattern, match",
 			route:        new(Route).Host("aaa.{v1:[a-z]{3}}.ccc"),
@@ -205,8 +214,10 @@ func TestHost(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -437,10 +448,12 @@ func TestPath(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
-		testRegexp(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+			testRegexp(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -516,9 +529,11 @@ func TestPathPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -623,9 +638,11 @@ func TestSchemeHostPath(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -682,8 +699,10 @@ func TestHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -732,9 +751,11 @@ func TestMethods(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testMethods(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testMethods(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1039,11 +1060,12 @@ func TestQueries(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testQueriesTemplates(t, test)
-		testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
-		testQueriesRegexp(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testQueriesTemplates(t, test)
+			testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+			testQueriesRegexp(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1092,17 +1114,16 @@ func TestSchemes(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
 func TestMatcherFunc(t *testing.T) {
 	m := func(r *http.Request, m *RouteMatch) bool {
-		if r.URL.Host == "aaa.bbb.ccc" {
-			return true
-		}
-		return false
+		return r.URL.Host == "aaa.bbb.ccc"
 	}
 
 	tests := []routeTest{
@@ -1127,8 +1148,10 @@ func TestMatcherFunc(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1163,8 +1186,10 @@ func TestBuildVarsFunc(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1174,7 +1199,6 @@ func TestSubRouter(t *testing.T) {
 	subrouter3 := new(Route).PathPrefix("/foo").Subrouter()
 	subrouter4 := new(Route).PathPrefix("/foo/bar").Subrouter()
 	subrouter5 := new(Route).PathPrefix("/{category}").Subrouter()
-
 	tests := []routeTest{
 		{
 			route:        subrouter1.Path("/{v2:[a-z]+}"),
@@ -1269,6 +1293,106 @@ func TestSubRouter(t *testing.T) {
 			pathTemplate: `/{category}`,
 			shouldMatch:  true,
 		},
+		{
+			title:        "Mismatch method specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Methods("POST").PathPrefix("/foo").Subrouter().Path("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/foo/"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/foo/",
+			pathTemplate: `/foo/`,
+			shouldMatch:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Match method specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Methods("POST").PathPrefix("/foo").Subrouter().Path("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("POST", "http://localhost/foo/"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/foo/",
+			pathTemplate: `/foo/`,
+			shouldMatch:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Mismatch scheme specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Schemes("https").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Match scheme specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Schemes("http").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "No match header specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Headers("X-Forwarded-Proto", "https").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Header mismatch value specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Headers("X-Forwarded-Proto", "https").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "http://localhost/", "X-Forwarded-Proto", "http"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Header match value specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Headers("X-Forwarded-Proto", "https").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "http://localhost/", "X-Forwarded-Proto", "https"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Query specified on parent route not present",
+			route:        new(Route).Headers("key", "foobar").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Query mismatch value specified on parent route",
+			route:        new(Route).Queries("key", "foobar").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/?key=notfoobar"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			title:        "Query match value specified on subroute",
+			route:        new(Route).Queries("key", "foobar").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/"),
+			request:      newRequest("GET", "http://localhost/?key=foobar"),
+			vars:         map[string]string{},
+			host:         "",
+			path:         "/",
+			pathTemplate: `/`,
+			shouldMatch:  true,
+		},
 		{
 			title:        "Build with scheme on parent router",
 			route:        new(Route).Schemes("ftp").Host("google.com").Subrouter().Path("/"),
@@ -1294,9 +1418,11 @@ func TestSubRouter(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1323,6 +1449,15 @@ func TestNamedRoutes(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestNameMultipleCalls(t *testing.T) {
+	r1 := NewRouter()
+	rt := r1.NewRoute().Name("foo").Name("bar")
+	err := rt.GetError()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected an error")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestStrictSlash(t *testing.T) {
 	r := NewRouter()
 	r.StrictSlash(true)
@@ -1391,9 +1526,11 @@ func TestStrictSlash(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
-		testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+			testUseEscapedRoute(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1425,8 +1562,10 @@ func TestUseEncodedPath(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testRoute(t, test)
-		testTemplate(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testRoute(t, test)
+			testTemplate(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1478,12 +1617,16 @@ func TestWalkSingleDepth(t *testing.T) {
 func TestWalkNested(t *testing.T) {
 	router := NewRouter()
 
-	g := router.Path("/g").Subrouter()
-	o := g.PathPrefix("/o").Subrouter()
-	r := o.PathPrefix("/r").Subrouter()
-	i := r.PathPrefix("/i").Subrouter()
-	l1 := i.PathPrefix("/l").Subrouter()
-	l2 := l1.PathPrefix("/l").Subrouter()
+	routeSubrouter := func(r *Route) (*Route, *Router) {
+		return r, r.Subrouter()
+	}
+
+	gRoute, g := routeSubrouter(router.Path("/g"))
+	oRoute, o := routeSubrouter(g.PathPrefix("/o"))
+	rRoute, r := routeSubrouter(o.PathPrefix("/r"))
+	iRoute, i := routeSubrouter(r.PathPrefix("/i"))
+	l1Route, l1 := routeSubrouter(i.PathPrefix("/l"))
+	l2Route, l2 := routeSubrouter(l1.PathPrefix("/l"))
 	l2.Path("/a")
 
 	testCases := []struct {
@@ -1491,12 +1634,12 @@ func TestWalkNested(t *testing.T) {
 		ancestors []*Route
 	}{
 		{"/g", []*Route{}},
-		{"/g/o", []*Route{g.parent.(*Route)}},
-		{"/g/o/r", []*Route{g.parent.(*Route), o.parent.(*Route)}},
-		{"/g/o/r/i", []*Route{g.parent.(*Route), o.parent.(*Route), r.parent.(*Route)}},
-		{"/g/o/r/i/l", []*Route{g.parent.(*Route), o.parent.(*Route), r.parent.(*Route), i.parent.(*Route)}},
-		{"/g/o/r/i/l/l", []*Route{g.parent.(*Route), o.parent.(*Route), r.parent.(*Route), i.parent.(*Route), l1.parent.(*Route)}},
-		{"/g/o/r/i/l/l/a", []*Route{g.parent.(*Route), o.parent.(*Route), r.parent.(*Route), i.parent.(*Route), l1.parent.(*Route), l2.parent.(*Route)}},
+		{"/g/o", []*Route{gRoute}},
+		{"/g/o/r", []*Route{gRoute, oRoute}},
+		{"/g/o/r/i", []*Route{gRoute, oRoute, rRoute}},
+		{"/g/o/r/i/l", []*Route{gRoute, oRoute, rRoute, iRoute}},
+		{"/g/o/r/i/l/l", []*Route{gRoute, oRoute, rRoute, iRoute, l1Route}},
+		{"/g/o/r/i/l/l/a", []*Route{gRoute, oRoute, rRoute, iRoute, l1Route, l2Route}},
 	}
 
 	idx := 0
@@ -1529,8 +1672,8 @@ func TestWalkSubrouters(t *testing.T) {
 	o.Methods("GET")
 	o.Methods("PUT")
 
-	// all 4 routes should be matched, but final 2 routes do not have path templates
-	paths := []string{"/g", "/g/o", "", ""}
+	// all 4 routes should be matched
+	paths := []string{"/g", "/g/o", "/g/o", "/g/o"}
 	idx := 0
 	err := router.Walk(func(route *Route, router *Router, ancestors []*Route) error {
 		path := paths[idx]
@@ -1711,7 +1854,11 @@ func testRoute(t *testing.T, test routeTest) {
 			}
 		}
 		if query != "" {
-			u, _ := route.URL(mapToPairs(match.Vars)...)
+			u, err := route.URL(mapToPairs(match.Vars)...)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("(%v) erred while creating url: %v", test.title, err)
+				return
+			}
 			if query != u.RawQuery {
 				t.Errorf("(%v) URL query not equal: expected %v, got %v", test.title, query, u.RawQuery)
 				return
@@ -2031,7 +2178,9 @@ func TestMethodsSubrouterCatchall(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2087,7 +2236,9 @@ func TestMethodsSubrouterStrictSlash(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2134,7 +2285,9 @@ func TestMethodsSubrouterPathPrefix(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2190,7 +2343,9 @@ func TestMethodsSubrouterSubrouter(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2244,10 +2399,21 @@ func TestMethodsSubrouterPathVariable(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		t.Run(test.title, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testMethodsSubrouter(t, test)
+		})
 	}
 }
 
+func ExampleSetURLVars() {
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/foo", nil)
+	req = SetURLVars(req, map[string]string{"foo": "bar"})
+
+	fmt.Println(Vars(req)["foo"])
+
+	// Output: bar
+}
+
 // testMethodsSubrouter runs an individual methodsSubrouterTest.
 func testMethodsSubrouter(t *testing.T, test methodsSubrouterTest) {
 	// Execute request
@@ -2279,6 +2445,305 @@ func testMethodsSubrouter(t *testing.T, test methodsSubrouterTest) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestSubrouterMatching(t *testing.T) {
+	const (
+		none, stdOnly, subOnly uint8 = 0, 1 << 0, 1 << 1
+		both                         = subOnly | stdOnly
+	)
+
+	type request struct {
+		Name    string
+		Request *http.Request
+		Flags   uint8
+	}
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		Name                string
+		Standard, Subrouter func(*Router)
+		Requests            []request
+	}{
+		{
+			"pathPrefix",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.PathPrefix("/before").PathPrefix("/after")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.PathPrefix("/before").Subrouter().PathPrefix("/after")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"no match final path prefix", newRequest("GET", "/after"), none},
+				{"no match parent path prefix", newRequest("GET", "/before"), none},
+				{"matches append", newRequest("GET", "/before/after"), both},
+				{"matches as prefix", newRequest("GET", "/before/after/1234"), both},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"path",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Path("/before").Path("/after")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Path("/before").Subrouter().Path("/after")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"no match subroute path", newRequest("GET", "/after"), none},
+				{"no match parent path", newRequest("GET", "/before"), none},
+				{"no match as prefix", newRequest("GET", "/before/after/1234"), none},
+				{"no match append", newRequest("GET", "/before/after"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"host",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Host("before.com").Host("after.com")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Host("before.com").Subrouter().Host("after.com")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"no match before", newRequestHost("GET", "/", "before.com"), none},
+				{"no match other", newRequestHost("GET", "/", "other.com"), none},
+				{"matches after", newRequestHost("GET", "/", "after.com"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"queries variant keys",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Queries("foo", "bar").Queries("cricket", "baseball")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Queries("foo", "bar").Subrouter().Queries("cricket", "baseball")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"matches with all", newRequest("GET", "/?foo=bar&cricket=baseball"), both},
+				{"matches with more", newRequest("GET", "/?foo=bar&cricket=baseball&something=else"), both},
+				{"no match with none", newRequest("GET", "/"), none},
+				{"no match with some", newRequest("GET", "/?cricket=baseball"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"queries overlapping keys",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Queries("foo", "bar").Queries("foo", "baz")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Queries("foo", "bar").Subrouter().Queries("foo", "baz")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"no match old value", newRequest("GET", "/?foo=bar"), none},
+				{"no match diff value", newRequest("GET", "/?foo=bak"), none},
+				{"no match with none", newRequest("GET", "/"), none},
+				{"matches override", newRequest("GET", "/?foo=baz"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"header variant keys",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Headers("foo", "bar").Headers("cricket", "baseball")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Headers("foo", "bar").Subrouter().Headers("cricket", "baseball")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{
+					"matches with all",
+					newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "/", "foo", "bar", "cricket", "baseball"),
+					both,
+				},
+				{
+					"matches with more",
+					newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "/", "foo", "bar", "cricket", "baseball", "something", "else"),
+					both,
+				},
+				{"no match with none", newRequest("GET", "/"), none},
+				{"no match with some", newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "/", "cricket", "baseball"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"header overlapping keys",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Headers("foo", "bar").Headers("foo", "baz")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Headers("foo", "bar").Subrouter().Headers("foo", "baz")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"no match old value", newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "/", "foo", "bar"), none},
+				{"no match diff value", newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "/", "foo", "bak"), none},
+				{"no match with none", newRequest("GET", "/"), none},
+				{"matches override", newRequestWithHeaders("GET", "/", "foo", "baz"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"method",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Methods("POST").Methods("GET")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Methods("POST").Subrouter().Methods("GET")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"matches before", newRequest("POST", "/"), none},
+				{"no match other", newRequest("HEAD", "/"), none},
+				{"matches override", newRequest("GET", "/"), none},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"schemes",
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Schemes("http").Schemes("https")
+			},
+			func(r *Router) {
+				r.Schemes("http").Subrouter().Schemes("https")
+			},
+			[]request{
+				{"matches overrides", newRequest("GET", "https://www.example.com/"), none},
+				{"matches original", newRequest("GET", "http://www.example.com/"), none},
+				{"no match other", newRequest("GET", "ftp://www.example.com/"), none},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// case -> request -> router
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			for _, req := range c.Requests {
+				t.Run(req.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+					for _, v := range []struct {
+						Name     string
+						Config   func(*Router)
+						Expected bool
+					}{
+						{"subrouter", c.Subrouter, (req.Flags & subOnly) != 0},
+						{"standard", c.Standard, (req.Flags & stdOnly) != 0},
+					} {
+						r := NewRouter()
+						v.Config(r)
+						if r.Match(req.Request, &RouteMatch{}) != v.Expected {
+							if v.Expected {
+								t.Errorf("expected %v match", v.Name)
+							} else {
+								t.Errorf("expected %v no match", v.Name)
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				})
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// verify that copyRouteConf copies fields as expected.
+func Test_copyRouteConf(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		m MatcherFunc = func(*http.Request, *RouteMatch) bool {
+			return true
+		}
+		b BuildVarsFunc = func(i map[string]string) map[string]string {
+			return i
+		}
+		r, _ = newRouteRegexp("hi", regexpTypeHost, routeRegexpOptions{})
+	)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		args routeConf
+		want routeConf
+	}{
+		{
+			"empty",
+			routeConf{},
+			routeConf{},
+		},
+		{
+			"full",
+			routeConf{
+				useEncodedPath: true,
+				strictSlash:    true,
+				skipClean:      true,
+				regexp:         routeRegexpGroup{host: r, path: r, queries: []*routeRegexp{r}},
+				matchers:       []matcher{m},
+				buildScheme:    "https",
+				buildVarsFunc:  b,
+			},
+			routeConf{
+				useEncodedPath: true,
+				strictSlash:    true,
+				skipClean:      true,
+				regexp:         routeRegexpGroup{host: r, path: r, queries: []*routeRegexp{r}},
+				matchers:       []matcher{m},
+				buildScheme:    "https",
+				buildVarsFunc:  b,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// special case some incomparable fields of routeConf before delegating to reflect.DeepEqual
+			got := copyRouteConf(tt.args)
+
+			// funcs not comparable, just compare length of slices
+			if len(got.matchers) != len(tt.want.matchers) {
+				t.Errorf("matchers different lengths: %v %v", len(got.matchers), len(tt.want.matchers))
+			}
+			got.matchers, tt.want.matchers = nil, nil
+
+			// deep equal treats nil slice differently to empty slice so check for zero len first
+			{
+				bothZero := len(got.regexp.queries) == 0 && len(tt.want.regexp.queries) == 0
+				if !bothZero && !reflect.DeepEqual(got.regexp.queries, tt.want.regexp.queries) {
+					t.Errorf("queries unequal: %v %v", got.regexp.queries, tt.want.regexp.queries)
+				}
+				got.regexp.queries, tt.want.regexp.queries = nil, nil
+			}
+
+			// funcs not comparable, just compare nullity
+			if (got.buildVarsFunc == nil) != (tt.want.buildVarsFunc == nil) {
+				t.Errorf("build vars funcs unequal: %v %v", got.buildVarsFunc == nil, tt.want.buildVarsFunc == nil)
+			}
+			got.buildVarsFunc, tt.want.buildVarsFunc = nil, nil
+
+			// finish the deal
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, tt.want) {
+				t.Errorf("route confs unequal: %v %v", got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMethodNotAllowed(t *testing.T) {
+	handler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) }
+	router := NewRouter()
+	router.HandleFunc("/thing", handler).Methods(http.MethodGet)
+	router.HandleFunc("/something", handler).Methods(http.MethodGet)
+
+	w := NewRecorder()
+	req := newRequest(http.MethodPut, "/thing")
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != 405 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected status code 405 (got %d)", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSubrouterNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	handler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) }
+	router := NewRouter()
+	router.Path("/a").Subrouter().HandleFunc("/thing", handler).Methods(http.MethodGet)
+	router.Path("/b").Subrouter().HandleFunc("/something", handler).Methods(http.MethodGet)
+
+	w := NewRecorder()
+	req := newRequest(http.MethodPut, "/not-present")
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != 404 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected status code 404 (got %d)", w.Code)
+	}
+}
+
 // mapToPairs converts a string map to a slice of string pairs
 func mapToPairs(m map[string]string) []string {
 	var i int
@@ -2306,6 +2771,14 @@ func stringMapEqual(m1, m2 map[string]string) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+// stringHandler returns a handler func that writes a message 's' to the
+// http.ResponseWriter.
+func stringHandler(s string) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Write([]byte(s))
+	}
+}
+
 // newRequest is a helper function to create a new request with a method and url.
 // The request returned is a 'server' request as opposed to a 'client' one through
 // simulated write onto the wire and read off of the wire.
@@ -2345,3 +2818,28 @@ func newRequest(method, url string) *http.Request {
 	}
 	return req
 }
+
+// create a new request with the provided headers
+func newRequestWithHeaders(method, url string, headers ...string) *http.Request {
+	req := newRequest(method, url)
+
+	if len(headers)%2 != 0 {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Expected headers length divisible by 2 but got %v", len(headers)))
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(headers); i += 2 {
+		req.Header.Set(headers[i], headers[i+1])
+	}
+
+	return req
+}
+
+// newRequestHost a new request with a method, url, and host header
+func newRequestHost(method, url, host string) *http.Request {
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	req.Host = host
+	return req
+}

regexp.go

@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ type routeRegexpGroup struct {
 }
 
 // setMatch extracts the variables from the URL once a route matches.
-func (v *routeRegexpGroup) setMatch(req *http.Request, m *RouteMatch, r *Route) {
+func (v routeRegexpGroup) setMatch(req *http.Request, m *RouteMatch, r *Route) {
 	// Store host variables.
 	if v.host != nil {
 		host := getHost(req)
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ func (v *routeRegexpGroup) setMatch(req *http.Request, m *RouteMatch, r *Route)
 					} else {
 						u.Path += "/"
 					}
-					m.Handler = http.RedirectHandler(u.String(), 301)
+					m.Handler = http.RedirectHandler(u.String(), http.StatusMovedPermanently)
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -312,17 +312,13 @@ func (v *routeRegexpGroup) setMatch(req *http.Request, m *RouteMatch, r *Route)
 }
 
 // getHost tries its best to return the request host.
+// According to section 14.23 of RFC 2616 the Host header
+// can include the port number if the default value of 80 is not used.
 func getHost(r *http.Request) string {
 	if r.URL.IsAbs() {
 		return r.URL.Host
 	}
-	host := r.Host
-	// Slice off any port information.
-	if i := strings.Index(host, ":"); i != -1 {
-		host = host[:i]
-	}
-	return host
-
+	return r.Host
 }
 
 func extractVars(input string, matches []int, names []string, output map[string]string) {

route.go

@@ -15,24 +15,8 @@ import (
 
 // Route stores information to match a request and build URLs.
 type Route struct {
-	// Parent where the route was registered (a Router).
-	parent parentRoute
 	// Request handler for the route.
 	handler http.Handler
-	// List of matchers.
-	matchers []matcher
-	// Manager for the variables from host and path.
-	regexp *routeRegexpGroup
-	// If true, when the path pattern is "/path/", accessing "/path" will
-	// redirect to the former and vice versa.
-	strictSlash bool
-	// If true, when the path pattern is "/path//to", accessing "/path//to"
-	// will not redirect
-	skipClean bool
-	// If true, "/path/foo%2Fbar/to" will match the path "/path/{var}/to"
-	useEncodedPath bool
-	// The scheme used when building URLs.
-	buildScheme string
 	// If true, this route never matches: it is only used to build URLs.
 	buildOnly bool
 	// The name used to build URLs.
@@ -40,9 +24,15 @@ type Route struct {
 	// Error resulted from building a route.
 	err error
 
-	buildVarsFunc BuildVarsFunc
+	// "global" reference to all named routes
+	namedRoutes map[string]*Route
+
+	// config possibly passed in from `Router`
+	routeConf
 }
 
+// SkipClean reports whether path cleaning is enabled for this route via
+// Router.SkipClean.
 func (r *Route) SkipClean() bool {
 	return r.skipClean
 }
@@ -62,6 +52,18 @@ func (r *Route) Match(req *http.Request, match *RouteMatch) bool {
 				matchErr = ErrMethodMismatch
 				continue
 			}
+
+			// Ignore ErrNotFound errors. These errors arise from match call
+			// to Subrouters.
+			//
+			// This prevents subsequent matching subrouters from failing to
+			// run middleware. If not ignored, the middleware would see a
+			// non-nil MatchErr and be skipped, even when there was a
+			// matching route.
+			if match.MatchErr == ErrNotFound {
+				match.MatchErr = nil
+			}
+
 			matchErr = nil
 			return false
 		}
@@ -91,9 +93,7 @@ func (r *Route) Match(req *http.Request, match *RouteMatch) bool {
 	}
 
 	// Set variables.
-	if r.regexp != nil {
-		r.regexp.setMatch(req, match, r)
-	}
+	r.regexp.setMatch(req, match, r)
 	return true
 }
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func (r *Route) GetHandler() http.Handler {
 // Name -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // Name sets the name for the route, used to build URLs.
-// If the name was registered already it will be overwritten.
+// It is an error to call Name more than once on a route.
 func (r *Route) Name(name string) *Route {
 	if r.name != "" {
 		r.err = fmt.Errorf("mux: route already has name %q, can't set %q",
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func (r *Route) Name(name string) *Route {
 	}
 	if r.err == nil {
 		r.name = name
-		r.getNamedRoutes()[name] = r
+		r.namedRoutes[name] = r
 	}
 	return r
 }
@@ -175,7 +175,6 @@ func (r *Route) addRegexpMatcher(tpl string, typ regexpType) error {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return r.err
 	}
-	r.regexp = r.getRegexpGroup()
 	if typ == regexpTypePath || typ == regexpTypePrefix {
 		if len(tpl) > 0 && tpl[0] != '/' {
 			return fmt.Errorf("mux: path must start with a slash, got %q", tpl)
@@ -422,7 +421,7 @@ func (r *Route) Schemes(schemes ...string) *Route {
 	for k, v := range schemes {
 		schemes[k] = strings.ToLower(v)
 	}
-	if r.buildScheme == "" && len(schemes) > 0 {
+	if len(schemes) > 0 {
 		r.buildScheme = schemes[0]
 	}
 	return r.addMatcher(schemeMatcher(schemes))
@@ -437,7 +436,15 @@ type BuildVarsFunc func(map[string]string) map[string]string
 // BuildVarsFunc adds a custom function to be used to modify build variables
 // before a route's URL is built.
 func (r *Route) BuildVarsFunc(f BuildVarsFunc) *Route {
-	r.buildVarsFunc = f
+	if r.buildVarsFunc != nil {
+		// compose the old and new functions
+		old := r.buildVarsFunc
+		r.buildVarsFunc = func(m map[string]string) map[string]string {
+			return f(old(m))
+		}
+	} else {
+		r.buildVarsFunc = f
+	}
 	return r
 }
 
@@ -456,7 +463,8 @@ func (r *Route) BuildVarsFunc(f BuildVarsFunc) *Route {
 // Here, the routes registered in the subrouter won't be tested if the host
 // doesn't match.
 func (r *Route) Subrouter() *Router {
-	router := &Router{parent: r, strictSlash: r.strictSlash}
+	// initialize a subrouter with a copy of the parent route's configuration
+	router := &Router{routeConf: copyRouteConf(r.routeConf), namedRoutes: r.namedRoutes}
 	r.addMatcher(router)
 	return router
 }
@@ -500,9 +508,6 @@ func (r *Route) URL(pairs ...string) (*url.URL, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return nil, r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("mux: route doesn't have a host or path")
-	}
 	values, err := r.prepareVars(pairs...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -514,8 +519,8 @@ func (r *Route) URL(pairs ...string) (*url.URL, error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		scheme = "http"
-		if s := r.getBuildScheme(); s != "" {
-			scheme = s
+		if r.buildScheme != "" {
+			scheme = r.buildScheme
 		}
 	}
 	if r.regexp.path != nil {
@@ -545,7 +550,7 @@ func (r *Route) URLHost(pairs ...string) (*url.URL, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return nil, r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.host == nil {
+	if r.regexp.host == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("mux: route doesn't have a host")
 	}
 	values, err := r.prepareVars(pairs...)
@@ -560,8 +565,8 @@ func (r *Route) URLHost(pairs ...string) (*url.URL, error) {
 		Scheme: "http",
 		Host:   host,
 	}
-	if s := r.getBuildScheme(); s != "" {
-		u.Scheme = s
+	if r.buildScheme != "" {
+		u.Scheme = r.buildScheme
 	}
 	return u, nil
 }
@@ -573,7 +578,7 @@ func (r *Route) URLPath(pairs ...string) (*url.URL, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return nil, r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.path == nil {
+	if r.regexp.path == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("mux: route doesn't have a path")
 	}
 	values, err := r.prepareVars(pairs...)
@@ -598,7 +603,7 @@ func (r *Route) GetPathTemplate() (string, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return "", r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.path == nil {
+	if r.regexp.path == nil {
 		return "", errors.New("mux: route doesn't have a path")
 	}
 	return r.regexp.path.template, nil
@@ -612,7 +617,7 @@ func (r *Route) GetPathRegexp() (string, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return "", r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.path == nil {
+	if r.regexp.path == nil {
 		return "", errors.New("mux: route does not have a path")
 	}
 	return r.regexp.path.regexp.String(), nil
@@ -622,12 +627,12 @@ func (r *Route) GetPathRegexp() (string, error) {
 // route queries.
 // This is useful for building simple REST API documentation and for instrumentation
 // against third-party services.
-// An empty list will be returned if the route does not have queries.
+// An error will be returned if the route does not have queries.
 func (r *Route) GetQueriesRegexp() ([]string, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return nil, r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.queries == nil {
+	if r.regexp.queries == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("mux: route doesn't have queries")
 	}
 	var queries []string
@@ -641,12 +646,12 @@ func (r *Route) GetQueriesRegexp() ([]string, error) {
 // query matching.
 // This is useful for building simple REST API documentation and for instrumentation
 // against third-party services.
-// An empty list will be returned if the route does not define queries.
+// An error will be returned if the route does not define queries.
 func (r *Route) GetQueriesTemplates() ([]string, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return nil, r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.queries == nil {
+	if r.regexp.queries == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("mux: route doesn't have queries")
 	}
 	var queries []string
@@ -659,7 +664,7 @@ func (r *Route) GetQueriesTemplates() ([]string, error) {
 // GetMethods returns the methods the route matches against
 // This is useful for building simple REST API documentation and for instrumentation
 // against third-party services.
-// An empty list will be returned if route does not have methods.
+// An error will be returned if route does not have methods.
 func (r *Route) GetMethods() ([]string, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return nil, r.err
@@ -669,7 +674,7 @@ func (r *Route) GetMethods() ([]string, error) {
 			return []string(methods), nil
 		}
 	}
-	return nil, nil
+	return nil, errors.New("mux: route doesn't have methods")
 }
 
 // GetHostTemplate returns the template used to build the
@@ -681,7 +686,7 @@ func (r *Route) GetHostTemplate() (string, error) {
 	if r.err != nil {
 		return "", r.err
 	}
-	if r.regexp == nil || r.regexp.host == nil {
+	if r.regexp.host == nil {
 		return "", errors.New("mux: route doesn't have a host")
 	}
 	return r.regexp.host.template, nil
@@ -698,64 +703,8 @@ func (r *Route) prepareVars(pairs ...string) (map[string]string, error) {
 }
 
 func (r *Route) buildVars(m map[string]string) map[string]string {
-	if r.parent != nil {
-		m = r.parent.buildVars(m)
-	}
 	if r.buildVarsFunc != nil {
 		m = r.buildVarsFunc(m)
 	}
 	return m
 }
-
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// parentRoute
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-// parentRoute allows routes to know about parent host and path definitions.
-type parentRoute interface {
-	getBuildScheme() string
-	getNamedRoutes() map[string]*Route
-	getRegexpGroup() *routeRegexpGroup
-	buildVars(map[string]string) map[string]string
-}
-
-func (r *Route) getBuildScheme() string {
-	if r.buildScheme != "" {
-		return r.buildScheme
-	}
-	if r.parent != nil {
-		return r.parent.getBuildScheme()
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-// getNamedRoutes returns the map where named routes are registered.
-func (r *Route) getNamedRoutes() map[string]*Route {
-	if r.parent == nil {
-		// During tests router is not always set.
-		r.parent = NewRouter()
-	}
-	return r.parent.getNamedRoutes()
-}
-
-// getRegexpGroup returns regexp definitions from this route.
-func (r *Route) getRegexpGroup() *routeRegexpGroup {
-	if r.regexp == nil {
-		if r.parent == nil {
-			// During tests router is not always set.
-			r.parent = NewRouter()
-		}
-		regexp := r.parent.getRegexpGroup()
-		if regexp == nil {
-			r.regexp = new(routeRegexpGroup)
-		} else {
-			// Copy.
-			r.regexp = &routeRegexpGroup{
-				host:    regexp.host,
-				path:    regexp.path,
-				queries: regexp.queries,
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return r.regexp
-}

test_helpers.go

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ package mux
 import "net/http"
 
 // SetURLVars sets the URL variables for the given request, to be accessed via
-// mux.Vars for testing route behaviour.
+// mux.Vars for testing route behaviour. Arguments are not modified, a shallow
+// copy is returned.
 //
 // This API should only be used for testing purposes; it provides a way to
 // inject variables into the request context. Alternatively, URL variables