diff --git a/controller/controller.asm b/controller/controller.asm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9753190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/controller.asm
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+  .inesprg 1   ; 1x 16KB PRG code
+  .ineschr 1   ; 1x  8KB CHR data
+  .inesmap 0   ; mapper 0 = NROM, no bank swapping
+  .inesmir 1   ; background mirroring
+  
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+    
+  .bank 0
+  .org $C000 
+RESET:
+  SEI          ; disable IRQs
+  CLD          ; disable decimal mode
+  LDX #$40
+  STX $4017    ; disable APU frame IRQ
+  LDX #$FF
+  TXS          ; Set up stack
+  INX          ; now X = 0
+  STX $2000    ; disable NMI
+  STX $2001    ; disable rendering
+  STX $4010    ; disable DMC IRQs
+
+vblankwait1:       ; First wait for vblank to make sure PPU is ready
+  BIT $2002
+  BPL vblankwait1
+
+clrmem:
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $0000, x
+  STA $0100, x
+  STA $0200, x
+  STA $0400, x
+  STA $0500, x
+  STA $0600, x
+  STA $0700, x
+  LDA #$FE
+  STA $0300, x
+  INX
+  BNE clrmem
+   
+vblankwait2:      ; Second wait for vblank, PPU is ready after this
+  BIT $2002
+  BPL vblankwait2
+
+
+LoadPalettes:
+  LDA $2002             ; read PPU status to reset the high/low latch
+  LDA #$3F
+  STA $2006             ; write the high byte of $3F00 address
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $2006             ; write the low byte of $3F00 address
+  LDX #$00              ; start out at 0
+LoadPalettesLoop:
+  LDA palette, x        ; load data from address (palette + the value in x)
+                          ; 1st time through loop it will load palette+0
+                          ; 2nd time through loop it will load palette+1
+                          ; 3rd time through loop it will load palette+2
+                          ; etc
+  STA $2007             ; write to PPU
+  INX                   ; X = X + 1
+  CPX #$20              ; Compare X to hex $10, decimal 16 - copying 16 bytes = 4 sprites
+  BNE LoadPalettesLoop  ; Branch to LoadPalettesLoop if compare was Not Equal to zero
+                        ; if compare was equal to 32, keep going down
+
+
+
+LoadSprites:
+  LDX #$00              ; start at 0
+LoadSpritesLoop:
+  LDA sprites, x        ; load data from address (sprites +  x)
+  STA $0200, x          ; store into RAM address ($0200 + x)
+  INX                   ; X = X + 1
+  CPX #$20              ; Compare X to hex $20, decimal 32
+  BNE LoadSpritesLoop   ; Branch to LoadSpritesLoop if compare was Not Equal to zero
+                        ; if compare was equal to 32, keep going down
+              
+              
+
+  LDA #%10000000   ; enable NMI, sprites from Pattern Table 1
+  STA $2000
+
+  LDA #%00010000   ; enable sprites
+  STA $2001
+
+Forever:
+  JMP Forever     ;jump back to Forever, infinite loop
+  
+ 
+
+NMI:
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $2003       ; set the low byte (00) of the RAM address
+  LDA #$02
+  STA $4014       ; set the high byte (02) of the RAM address, start the transfer
+
+
+LatchController:
+  LDA #$01
+  STA $4016
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $4016       ; tell both the controllers to latch buttons
+
+SkipSeveralButtons:
+  ; discard input from buttons A, B, Select and Start
+  LDA $4016
+  LDA $4016
+  LDA $4016
+  LDA $4016
+
+; LoadSpritesLoop:
+;   LDA sprites, x        ; load data from address (sprites +  x)
+;   STA $0200, x          ; store into RAM address ($0200 + x)
+;   INX                   ; X = X + 1
+;   CPX #$20              ; Compare X to hex $20, decimal 32
+;   BNE LoadSpritesLoop   ; Branch to LoadSpritesLoop if compare was Not Equal to zero
+;                         ; if compare was equal to 32, keep going down
+              
+ReadUp: 
+  LDA $4016       ; player 1 - Up
+  AND #%00000001  ; only look at bit 0
+  BEQ ReadUpDone   ; branch to ReadBDone if button is NOT pressed (0)
+                  ; add instructions here to do something when button IS pressed (1)
+  LDX #0200
+  MoveSpritesLoop:
+    TXA ; load sprite Y position
+    SEC                                ; make sure carry flag is set
+    SBC #$01                           ; A = A - 1
+    SBC #$01                           ; A = A - 1
+    STA ; save sprite Y position
+    INX
+    INX
+    INX
+    INX
+    CPX #$10
+    BNE MoveSpritesLoop
+  ReadUpDone:        ; handling this button is done
+  
+
+ReadDown: 
+  LDA $4016       ; player 1 - Down
+  AND #%00000001  ; only look at bit 0
+  BEQ ReadDownDone   ; branch to ReadBDone if button is NOT pressed (0)
+                  ; add instructions here to do something when button IS pressed (1)
+  LDA $0200       ; load sprite Y position
+  CLC
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $0200       ; save sprite Y position
+  LDA $0204       ; load sprite Y position
+  CLC
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $0204       ; save sprite Y position
+  LDA $0208       ; load sprite Y position
+  CLC
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $0208       ; save sprite Y position
+  LDA $020C       ; load sprite Y position
+  CLC
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $020C       ; save sprite Y position
+ReadDownDone:        ; handling this button is done
+
+ReadLeft: 
+  LDA $4016       ; player 1 - Right
+  AND #%00000001  ; only look at bit 0
+  BEQ ReadLeftDone   ; branch to ReadBDone if button is NOT pressed (0)
+                  ; add instructions here to do something when button IS pressed (1)
+  LDA $0203       ; load sprite X position
+  SEC             ; make sure carry flag is set
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $0203       ; save sprite X position
+  LDA $0207       ; load sprite X position
+  SEC             ; make sure the carry flag is set
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $0207       ; save sprite X position
+  LDA $020B       ; load sprite X position
+  SEC             ; make sure the carry flag is set
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $020B       ; save sprite X position
+  LDA $020F       ; load sprite X position
+  SEC             ; make sure the carry flag is set
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  SBC #$01        ; A = A - 1
+  STA $020F       ; save sprite X position
+ReadLeftDone:        ; handling this button is done
+  
+
+ReadRight: 
+  LDA $4016       ; player 1 - Left
+  AND #%00000001  ; only look at bit 0
+  BEQ ReadRightDone   ; branch to ReadADone if button is NOT pressed (0)
+                  ; add instructions here to do something when button IS pressed (1)
+  LDA $0203       ; load sprite X position
+  CLC             ; make sure the carry flag is clear
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  STA $0203       ; save sprite X position
+  LDA $0207       ; load sprite X position
+  CLC             ; make sure the carry flag is clear
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  STA $0207       ; save sprite X position
+  LDA $020B       ; load sprite X position
+  CLC             ; make sure the carry flag is clear
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  STA $020B       ; save sprite X position
+  LDA $020F       ; load sprite X position
+  CLC             ; make sure the carry flag is clear
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  ADC #$01        ; A = A + 1
+  STA $020F       ; save sprite X position
+ReadRightDone:        ; handling this button is done
+
+
+  
+  RTI             ; return from interrupt
+ 
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;  
+  
+  
+  
+  .bank 1
+  .org $E000
+palette:
+  .db $0F,$31,$32,$33,$34,$35,$36,$37,$38,$39,$3A,$3B,$3C,$3D,$3E,$0F
+  .db $0F,$1C,$15,$14,$31,$02,$38,$3C,$0F,$1C,$15,$14,$31,$02,$38,$3C
+
+mario_sprite_addresses_vert:
+  .db $00,$04,$08,$0C
+
+mario_sprite_addresses_horiz:
+  .db $03,$07,$0B,$0F
+
+sprites:
+     ;vert tile attr horiz
+  .db $80, $32, $00, $80   ;sprite 0
+  .db $80, $33, $00, $88   ;sprite 1
+  .db $88, $34, $00, $80   ;sprite 2
+  .db $88, $35, $00, $88   ;sprite 3
+
+  .org $FFFA     ;first of the three vectors starts here
+  .dw NMI        ;when an NMI happens (once per frame if enabled) the 
+                   ;processor will jump to the label NMI:
+  .dw RESET      ;when the processor first turns on or is reset, it will jump
+                   ;to the label RESET:
+  .dw 0          ;external interrupt IRQ is not used in this tutorial
+  
+  
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;  
+  
+  
+  .bank 2
+  .org $0000
+  .incbin "mario.chr"   ;includes 8KB graphics file from SMB1
diff --git a/controller/controller.fns b/controller/controller.fns
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24dc3d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/controller/controller.fns
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+; controller.asm
+LoadSpritesLoop                  = $C059
+LoadPalettes                     = $C03D
+LatchController                  = $C07B
+Forever                          = $C06E
+palette                          = $E000
+ReadLeftDone                     = $C10E
+LoadPalettesLoop                 = $C04C
+ReadUp                           = $C091
+ReadDown                         = $C0A8
+ReadRightDone                    = $C141
+ReadDownDone                     = $C0DB
+SkipSeveralButtons               = $C085
+LoadSprites                      = $C057
+vblankwait1                      = $C014
+ReadUpDone                       = $C0A8
+vblankwait2                      = $C038
+clrmem                           = $C019
+RESET                            = $C000
+sprites                          = $E028
+ReadLeft                         = $C0DB
+mario_sprite_addresses_vert      = $E020
+NMI                              = $C071
+ReadRight                        = $C10E
+MoveSpritesLoop                  = $C09A
+mario_sprite_addresses_horiz     = $E024
diff --git a/controller/controller.nes b/controller/controller.nes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b32ea5e
Binary files /dev/null and b/controller/controller.nes differ
diff --git a/controller/mario.chr b/controller/mario.chr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d150ccc
Binary files /dev/null and b/controller/mario.chr differ
diff --git a/palette/palette.asm b/palette/palette.asm
index 5c1bb9e..a4936bf 100644
--- a/palette/palette.asm
+++ b/palette/palette.asm
@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ vblankwait2:      ; Second wait for vblank, PPU is ready after this
 PaletteData:
   .db $0F,$31,$32,$33,$0F,$35,$36,$37,$0F,$39,$3A,$3B,$0F,$3D,$3E,$0F
   .db $0F,$1C,$15,$14,$0F,$02,$38,$3C,$0F,$1C,$15,$14,$0F,$02,$38,$3C 
-  ; using a loop, load the values stored in PaletteData into the background and sprite palettes
   LDX #$00       
+
+; using a loop, load the values stored in PaletteData into the background and sprite palettes
 LoadPalettesLoop:
   LDA PaletteData, x
   STA $2007             ; store the value of the Accumulator in the next memory slot in the PPU (referred to by this 'port' located at $2007)
@@ -63,13 +64,41 @@ LoadPalettesLoop:
   CPX #$20              ; is X == 32?
   BNE LoadPalettesLoop
 
+; load sprites 
+LDA #$00
+STA $2003    ; set the low byte of the RAM address
+LDA #$02
+STA $4014    ; set the high byte of the RAM address
+
+; the DMA (direct memory address) transfer will start automatically after the above is executed.
+;
+; each sprite needs 4 bytes of data for its position and tile info:
+;   1. Y position (vertical) -- $00 is the top, $EF is the bottom
+;   2. tile number (0 to 256)
+;   3. attributes (color and display info)
+;     7 flip vertical
+;     6 flip horiz
+;     5 priority (0: in front of BG, 1: behind it)
+;     1 and 0: color palette of sprite -- choose four of the 16 colors
+;   4. X position (horiz)
+; there are 64 bytes of sprite memory, four bytes for each of the 16 sprites. They're located at $0200-$02FF.
+;
+; set up the sprite data
+;
+LDA #$80
+STA $0200      ; put sprite 0 in center ($80) of screen vertically
+STA $0203      ; put sprite 0 in center ($80) of screen horizontally
+LDA #$00
+STA $0201      ; tile number = 0
+STA $0202      ; color palette = 0, no flipping
+
+NMI:
+
 Forever:
   JMP Forever     ;jump back to Forever, infinite loop
   
  
 
-NMI:
-  RTI
  
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;  
   
diff --git a/palette/palette.nes b/palette/palette.nes
index 35b65af..ccc18f6 100644
Binary files a/palette/palette.nes and b/palette/palette.nes differ
diff --git a/sprites/mario.chr b/sprites/mario.chr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d150ccc
Binary files /dev/null and b/sprites/mario.chr differ
diff --git a/sprites/sprites.asm b/sprites/sprites.asm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68e6638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprites/sprites.asm
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+  .inesprg 1   ; 1x 16KB PRG code
+  .ineschr 1   ; 1x  8KB CHR data
+  .inesmap 0   ; mapper 0 = NROM, no bank swapping
+  .inesmir 1   ; background mirroring
+  
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+    
+  .bank 0
+  .org $C000 
+RESET:
+  SEI          ; disable IRQs
+  CLD          ; disable decimal mode
+  LDX #$40
+  STX $4017    ; disable APU frame IRQ
+  LDX #$FF
+  TXS          ; Set up stack
+  INX          ; now X = 0
+  STX $2000    ; disable NMI
+  STX $2001    ; disable rendering
+  STX $4010    ; disable DMC IRQs
+
+vblankwait1:       ; First wait for vblank to make sure PPU is ready
+  BIT $2002
+  BPL vblankwait1
+
+clrmem:
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $0000, x
+  STA $0100, x
+  STA $0300, x
+  STA $0400, x
+  STA $0500, x
+  STA $0600, x
+  STA $0700, x
+  LDA #$FE
+  STA $0200, x    ;move all sprites off screen
+  INX
+  BNE clrmem
+   
+vblankwait2:      ; Second wait for vblank, PPU is ready after this
+  BIT $2002
+  BPL vblankwait2
+
+
+
+; ************** NEW CODE ****************
+LoadPalettes:
+  LDA $2002    ; read PPU status to reset the high/low latch
+  LDA #$3F
+  STA $2006    ; write the high byte of $3F00 address
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $2006    ; write the low byte of $3F00 address
+  LDX #$00
+LoadPalettesLoop:
+  LDA palette, x        ;load palette byte
+  STA $2007             ;write to PPU
+  INX                   ;set index to next byte
+  CPX #$20            
+  BNE LoadPalettesLoop  ;if x = $20, 32 bytes copied, all done
+
+
+
+  LDA #$20
+  STA $0200        ; put sprite 0 in center ($80) of screen vert
+  STA $0203        ; put sprite 0 in center ($80) of screen horiz
+  LDA #$01
+  STA $0201        ; tile number = 0
+  LDA #$02
+  STA $0202        ; color = 0, no flipping
+
+  LDA #%10000000   ; enable NMI, sprites from Pattern Table 0
+  STA $2000
+
+  LDA #%00010000   ; enable sprites
+  STA $2001
+
+Forever:
+  JMP Forever     ;jump back to Forever, infinite loop
+  
+ 
+
+NMI:
+  LDA #$00
+  STA $2003  ; set the low byte (00) of the RAM address
+  LDA #$02
+  STA $4014  ; set the high byte (02) of the RAM address, start the transfer
+  
+  RTI        ; return from interrupt
+ 
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;  
+  
+  
+  
+  .bank 1
+  .org $E000
+palette:
+  .db $0F,$31,$32,$33,$0F,$35,$36,$37,$0F,$39,$3A,$3B,$0F,$3D,$3E,$0F
+  .db $0F,$1C,$15,$14,$0F,$02,$38,$3C,$0F,$1C,$15,$14,$0F,$02,$38,$3C
+
+
+  .org $FFFA     ;first of the three vectors starts here
+  .dw NMI        ;when an NMI happens (once per frame if enabled) the 
+                   ;processor will jump to the label NMI:
+  .dw RESET      ;when the processor first turns on or is reset, it will jump
+                   ;to the label RESET:
+  .dw 0          ;external interrupt IRQ is not used in this tutorial
+  
+  
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;  
+  
+  
+  .bank 2
+  .org $0000
+  .incbin "mario.chr"   ;includes 8KB graphics file from SMB1
diff --git a/sprites/sprites.fns b/sprites/sprites.fns
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7bbc2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sprites/sprites.fns
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+; sprites.asm
+LoadPalettes                     = $C03D
+Forever                          = $C073
+palette                          = $E000
+LoadPalettesLoop                 = $C04C
+vblankwait1                      = $C014
+vblankwait2                      = $C038
+clrmem                           = $C019
+RESET                            = $C000
+NMI                              = $C076
diff --git a/sprites/sprites.nes b/sprites/sprites.nes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b4804a
Binary files /dev/null and b/sprites/sprites.nes differ